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Slovakia-Hungary row over citizenship law

Published 27 January 2011 - Updated 28 January 2011
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Following the adoption of a controversial citizenship law in Budapest that makes it easier for ethnic Hungarians abroad to obtain Hungarian nationality, Slovak Prime Minister Iveta Radičová indicated that her government would seek ways to make sure that the law does not apply in her country. EurActiv Slovakia reports.

Speaking to Hungarian weekly Heti Világgazdaság, Radičová said the new Hungarian government had "made basic litigation mistakes" by adopting the law (see 'Background').

Radičová argued that according to a bilateral treaty agreed between Slovakia and Hungary, such a law was supposed to be discussed in a joint committee.

"Unfortunately, that did not happen and therefore the law is not acceptable for us," she said.

However, Radičová appeared to be more appeasing than her predecessor Robert Fico, who had initiated a law that would strip Slovaks of citizenship should they opt for dual nationality.

"Together with other countries, we do also have the institution of dual citizenship and we do not have anything against it," she added.

"We refuse to sanction citizens," said Radičová when asked whether citizens would have to pay to take on foreign citizenship too. She added: "Instead, we propose to declare the Hungarian law, which breaks international agreements, as ineffective in the Slovak Republic. We will cancel the law made by Mr. Fico," Radičová said.

Presidential hard talk

Last week, Slovak President Ivan Gašparovič told his Hungarian counterpart, Pál Schmitt, that his country considered the new Hungarian legislation "unacceptable".

"Creating an institutional link between the citizens of the Slovak and Hungarian nationality across the border is not good. It is unacceptable. Creating such a relationship between a foreign national and a new country, making it possible to side with one or the other in connection with certain crisis issues in the future, is not good," Gašparovič told Schmitt in Bratislava on 20 January, according to the presidency website.

Schmitt, for his part, simultaneously outlined Hungary's position concerning Slovak language law and said Budapest was concerned about sanctions for possible violations. "We hope the issue of the language law is not concluded with finality yet," he said.

The Slovak language law, adopted under the previous government, stipulates that only Slovak may be used in most public offices and institutions.

Much ado about nothing?

In the meantime, it became known that only 25 people have so far been stripped of Slovak nationality, AFP reported. The law has been effective since 17 July 2010. Of the 25 people, only one is Hungarian. Eleven German citizens, 10 Austrians, one Italian, one Dutch national and one British citizen have lost their Slovak passports.

In fact, after the June elections, the parties now in power in Slovakia vowed to change the law stripping Slovaks with dual citizenship of their Slovak nationality. But discussions in parliament are still ongoing.

Three out of four coalition parties want to follow in the footsteps of Radičová and adopt legislation to make the Hungarian law ineffective in Slovakia. At the same time, they are not opposed to dual citizenship as such. However, the fourth coalition party - the Christian Democrats (KDH) - insists that people working in the police force, the army, customs and some other sectors should not be not able to have dual citizenship.

Positions: 

Jozsef Berenyi, the leader of ethnic Hungarian party SMK, was one of the first Slovaks to ask for Hungarian citizenship, saying it was his "loyal duty" to do that. His former colleague Bela Bugar, now leader of the Most-Hid coalition party (which aims at building a bridge between Hungarians and Slovaks) commented on his decision by saying that the "loyal duty" of his party and of the whole coalition is "to establish such conditions in Slovakia for all ethnicities that they will feel at home here, and the dual citizenship law does not solve that".

The current coalition proposal is "childish," said Slovak MP Igor Matovic from the centre-right coalition party SaS ('Freedom and Solidarity'). Matovic is one of four members within SaS who founded a movement called 'Ordinary People'. Matovic said Slovakia cannot close its eyes without seeing its neighbour's "appetite for a big Hungarian empire" or pretend that the Hungarian law does not exist.

Bratislava: Hungarian law is 'bad'
Background: 

Southern Slovakia is home to roughly 500,000 ethnic Hungarians, about a tenth of the country's population of 5.4 million. In Slovakia, the EU election campaign and national polls have been tainted by nationalist rhetoric.

An ethnic Hungarian party in Slovakia, SMK, was accused by the party of former Prime Minister Robert Fico (SMER, affiliated with the EU Socialists and Democrats), of pursuing other interests than those of Slovakia. Ultimately, SMK (EPP-affiliated) won two seats in the elections. 

The situation was aggravated when Viktor Orbán, leader of Hungary's centre-right Fidesz party, won his country’s elections by a landslide. In opposition, Orbán made statements indicating that Budapest will count its future representatives in the European Parliament "across the Carpathian basin". 

Last May, the Hungarian parliament passed a law making it easier for ethnic Hungarians living abroad to obtain Hungarian citizenship. The move sparked an angry response from Slovakia.

The then Slovak leader Robert Fico called Hungary's move a "security threat" and moved to pass legislation stripping anyone of their Slovak citizenship if they apply for Hungarian nationality. Following the June elections, Fico lost power. The new prime minister, Iveta Radičová, is from the conservative SDKU party, generally seen as less prone to nationalistic rhetoric.

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