Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal with serious risks to human health and the environment. It is present in the phosphate rocks which are mined for use in the production of phosphate fertilisers. Without a prior decadmiation treatment, fertilisers manufactured from these rocks retain their cadmium content. The use of such fertilisers increases the concentration of cadmium in the agricultural soil presenting a danger to our food.
There is no harmonised EU legislation for the use of these fertilisers. During their negotiations to join the EU, Finland, Austria and Sweden received temporary derogations prohibiting the free trade of fertilisers within the Union.