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Debate bubbling over health impact of chemicals

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Published 21 November 2006, updated 28 May 2012
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REACH

Industry is stepping up research amid scientists’ concerns that the EU’s draft REACH regulation is not doing enough to protect humans against endocrine disrupters and other toxic chemicals.

A group of 38 scientists signed a letter on 20 November calling for the EU to tighten scrutiny of hormone disrupting chemicals and other toxic substances under REACH.   

The scientists expressed concern that the REACH draft as supported by the Council of Ministers requires a too-high burden of proof before hormone-disrupting chemicals can enter the REACH evaluation process. 

"Authorities would have to wait until the damage is done before they can take any action," said conservation group WWF, which publicised the scientist’s call as part of its DetoX campaign.

In a letter, the scientists say precautionary action against hormone disrupters is justified because they “can act in an additive manner” when combined together “even though, in isolation such substances may be judged unlikely to cause serious effects at current exposure levels”.

The debate over the actual risk posed by chemicals for human health remains hotly disputed.

"There are still a lot of uncertainties on the direct and indirect link between chemicals and certain diseases as prestigious scientists still contradict other prestigious scientists," said the European Chemical Industry Council (CEFIC).

In a related move, the European Chemicals Industry Council (CEFIC) on 15 November opened the third phase of its Long-Range Research Initiative (LRI) programme to increase the understanding of the potential impact of chemicals on health and the environment.

The latest LRI initiative focuses on three priority themes facing the chemicals industry:

  • Tools for effective risk assessment;
  • dealing with environment and health complexity, and;
  • new science relating to individual susceptibility and trans-generational effects.
Positions: 

In a recent interview with EurActiv, Thomas Jostmann of CEFIC said that research had proven that “"t doesn't pose an immediate risk if a substance is in your body" and that the levels of concentration were "in the magnitude of background detection rather then having a real serious contamination profile which could cause a risk".

For the WWF, Ninja Reineke said that while there may be no immediate risk, for some chemicals it is timing and not amounts that matters. Illnesses such as cancer and infertility are known to develop over a long period and where chemicals were involved in low amounts, she said.

Writing recently in peer-reviewed medical journal The Lancet, Dr Philippe Grandjean, of the department of environmental medicine at the University of Southern Denmark,  expressed concerns that draft REACH legislation does not do enough to protect unborn children against possible brain-development disorders caused by industrial chemicals (EurActiv 7/11/06).

Next steps: 

The Parliament is expected to vote on the second reading of REACH on 12 December 2006 before it goes to the EU Council of Ministers for approval.

Background: 

The EU's draft REACH law on chemical safety enters Parliament for a crucial second reading on 12 December 2006. It will then need approval by the Council of Ministers before it becomes law. 

REACH (Registration, Evaluation and Authorisation of Chemicals) proposes that manufacturers and importers produce health and safety tests for around 30,000 of the 100,000 substances currently on the EU market. The screening process would be spread over an 11-year period, starting with the most toxic chemicals as well as those marketed in higher volumes.

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