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EU in attempt to link car taxes to CO2 pollution

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Published 06 September 2006, updated 29 June 2007

A proposal to introduce an EU-wide car tax based on CO2 emissions won backing from the European Parliament. But unanimity voting in Council means the proposal is likely to be vetoed.

A proposal to abolish car registration tax and replace it with an EU-wide taxation scheme based on CO2 pollution won backing from the European Parliament on 5 September.

The proposal, put forward by the European Commission in July last year, is meant to avoid double taxation when citizens move around Europe and create level tax conditions for automakers on the European car market.

"We believe there is strong support for the abolition of registration taxes which give rise to double taxation for European citizens and create fragmentation within the European car industry," said EU Taxation and Customs Commissioner László Kovács when he presented the proposal on 5 July 2005.

Because of disparity in tax levels, automakers are often obliged to produce specific car models, with different specifications (as regards horsepower, diesel etc.) to reduce pre-tax prices, the Commission points out, generating additional costs for the car industry.

"On the whole, taxation is responsible for about 20% of the car price differentials in the EU," the Commission says.

Under the proposal, registration taxes would be phased out "over a transitional period of five to ten years". Member States' revenues would be unharmed if the gradual abolition is accompanied by a parallel increase of other taxes such as annual circulation taxes, the Commission said. In the meantime, a refund system would be set up to avoid double taxation.

Positions: 

European carmakers are supportive of the proposal to link car taxes to CO2 emissions. "ACEA, the European Automobile Manufacturers Association, firmly supports this Commission proposal," the group said in a statement, adding that it would like to see the scheme extended to alternative fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. "Taxation should be technology neutral and linearly related to CO2 emissions," ACEA said.

“The vote today is good news for citizens, the automotive industry and the environment. CECRA and automotive retailers have been pushing for such a directive to be adopted for years,” said European Council for Motor Trades and Repairs (CECRA) President Jürgen Creutzig.

The proposal, however, is very likely to meet with a veto from member states opposed to greater EU cooperation on taxation issues.

The British Conservatives have already said they would "oppose any measures that erode UK tax sovereignty". The Irish and Hungarians are also believed to be in the camp opposed to further cooperation on taxation matters.

"There is no unanimity in Council as far I am aware," an EU source said, adding it would be unlikely that the matter will be brought to the attention of the ministers if there is no clear unanimous support.

In Parliament, the Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee, which was in charge of the proposal, suggested that car taxes should be linked to pollution in general, not just CO2. 

"Should the Council fail to reach an agreement on the issue, the countries favouring the Commission's proposal in question should proceed with the enhanced co-operation procedure, according to Art. 43-45 of the Treaty," suggested the rapporteur on the dossier, Karin Riis-Jørgensen (ALDE, DK).

Next steps: 
  • The proposal could in theory be forwarded to the Council of Ministers for approval. But its likely rejection means it will probably not be put on the agenda.

Read this article in Hungarian  (EurActiv.hu).

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