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The EU intends to address global mercury pollution by setting the example through a comprehensive strategy against mercury pollution. European exports of mercury will be phased out by 2011.
Mercury (Hg)
is a well-known threat to the environment and human
health. It can accumulate in the body and lead to serious
harm to the brain and the human central nervous system. It is
also a worldwide danger as it can get transported through air and
through the food chain (especially via fish). It is mainly used in
thermometers, barometers, dental amalgams and batteries, but
also in chlorine production.
The EU is a major exporter of mercury. It provides nearly one third of global supply (1,000 tonnes from the 3,600 tonnes global demand per year). The exported mercury in Europe is mostly surplus mercury from the EU's chlor-alkali sector.
At international level, discussions are ongoing under the umbrella of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
The main elements of the new EU mercury strategy are:
The European chlor-alkali industry has already reduced its manufacturing emissions markedly over the last decade through voluntary actions. In a first reaction to the Commission's new strategy, Euro Chlor expressed its intention to continue reducing mercury, but warned that a "unilateral EU export ban on its own is unlikely to solve the global mercury problem". It urges more international action. "If this is not achieved, mercury mines elsewhere could legitimately increase production to meet market demand that would otherwise be met by recycled mercury from the European chlor-alkali industry," said the EU's chlor industry lobby.
Environmental groups on the other hand showed their satisfaction with the EU's proposed strategy. Greenpeace said in a press statement that the EU "asserts leadership in addressing global mercury pollution". But the environmentalists also cautioned that more specific measures are required to "implement the phase-out of mercury production at the world's largest mine in Almaden, Spain" and demanded stricter measures regarding emissions from larger coal-fired combustion plants.