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Will the hydrogen economy revive the nuclear industry?

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Published 16 September 2003, updated 29 January 2010

In light of the US government's plans to boost the hydrogen economy, President Bush is pushing to build a new nuclear plant for hydrogen production. Will this spark a nuclear revival worldwide?

Enthusiastic voices advertising hydrogen as the new "clean" energy often do not point out that it is not a primary energy source like coal and gas, but that producing hydrogen is an extremely energy-intensive process itself. Most hydrogen today is made by using natural gas, resulting in the same green house gas emissions proponents of the technology seek to avoid.

US President Bush is now calling for the construction of a new nuclear plant - the first in the US since 1973 - for hydrogen production. This links in with experts' predictions that the drive for the hydrogen economy might serve as a means to revitalise the nuclear industry. As a cheap and emission-free energy source, nuclear power is seen by many to provide the answer for the intended energy revolution.

The EU has been following suit with US efforts to push hydrogen as the next big thing. Critics now fear that the US nuclear initiative could spark a renewed focus on nuclear power in the EU, reversing trends of phasing out nuclear plants due to long-term environmental and safety concerns.

 

Positions: 
High hopes of the nuclear industry are confirmed by Peter Haug, Secretary General of the European Atomic Forum (FORATOM). "Nuclear is a rational choice for helping to meet the demands of the hydrogen economy", he said in a recent statement. "It is quite clear that nuclear could - indeed should - play a major role in delivering the power necessary for the future development of the hydrogen economy."

Environmentalist interst groups have been calling for a focus on renewable energies such as wind, solar, hydro and biomass energy rather than nuclear power to resolve the issue of hydrogen production.

 

Next steps: 
The timetable and structure of the Advisory Council which will steer the European Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technology Partnership, will be ready in October 2003.

The US Department of Energy plans to build a nuclear power plant for hydrogen production by 2020.

 

 

Background: 
The Commission on 10 September presented a Communication proposing the creation of a European Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technology Partnership, to promote hydrogen research in Europe, which is seen to be a future alternative source of energy (see ).

The Commission Communication came as a response to the 1.2 billion US dollar US "Freedom Car" initiative of January 2002, promoting the development of hydrogen as an alternate fuel in an effort to reduce American dependence on foreign oil.

 

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