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Gas row looms large over divided Cyprus

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Published 26 September 2012

Turkish Cypriot leader Derviş Eroğlu said yesterday (25 September) he would present a new plan to the UN secretary-general for gas explorations surrounding the divided island, resources that could change its economic landscape.

"I am planning to present a plan to the secretary-general, a proposal, a new one on the gas exploration and exploitation of hydrocarbon reserves," Eroğlu said through a translator of his scheduled Saturday meeting with Ban Ki-moon.

Eroğlu, speaking in the unrecognised nation's offices housed within Turkey's mission to the United Nations, would not provide details when pressed about his ideas.

Northern Cyprus signed an agreement with state-run Turkish Petroleum Corporation, or TPAO, in April to launch onshore exploratory drilling.

In the next five or six months, TPAO is expected to start drilling offshore to see if it can find gas deep in the eastern Mediterranean, said Eroğlu, who was in New York for the United National General Assembly meeting.

The island has been divided since 1974, when the Turkish military invaded after a short-lived Greek Cypriot coup engineered by the military junta then in power in Athens (see background).

Turkey was outraged last year when the internationally recognised government of Cyprus, led by Demetris Christofias, licensed Texas-based Noble Energy to explore an offshore block for natural gas in what it said was one of the biggest finds in years.

If the gas discovered by Greek Cypriots is proven reliable, it could end their dependency on energy imports and make them self-sufficient for decades.

"I have already warned Mr Christofias at the table that if you start your drilling activities, then we will engage in our own drilling activities in the waters around Cyprus," Eroğlu said.

After the announcement between Nicosia and Noble Energy, Ankara dispatched naval ships to accompany its own seismic research vessel to explore in waters 10 kilometres from the Cyprus drill site.

Cyprus holds the rotating presidency of the EU through the end of the year.

Hydrocarbons could provide financial relief to both sides of the divided island.

Isolated North

The Republic of Cyprus was forced to seek aid from the International Monetary Fund and the EU in June to prop up it banks, which were badly exposed to debt-crippled Greece.

Turkish Cypriots living north of a buffer zone are economically and political isolated, relying on financial handouts from Ankara.

Turkey still keeps about 30,000 troops in the north and is the only nation that recognises the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

Greek and Turkish Cypriots agree in principle on reuniting the island as a federation but differ on how it would work. Their lack of progress forced Ban to scrap plans in April for an international conference on Cyprus.

Eroğlu's intention to bring a gas exploration plan to Ban is aimed at reviving negotiations.

Eroğlu said he proposed using whatever is earned from any gas or oil to finance a reunification settlement.

"That under the secretary-general's direction there should be an escrow fund for collecting this revenue so that it could be used for financing the settlement," Eroğlu said.

Direct talks between the leaders of the Greek and Turkish Cypriots have been on hold for several months, partly because of a Greek Cypriot poll in 2013 to elect a new president and their EU presidency.

EurActiv.com with Reuters

COMMENTS

  • You refer to the Turkish invasion of Cyprus being a response to a 'Greek Cypriot' coup. This is factually inaccurate and, indeed, offensive to Greek Cypriots. The coup was carried out by the junta then ruling Greece and was aimed at Greek Cypriots and the democratic Cypriot government.

    By :
    Stephen Michael
    - Posted on :
    26/09/2012
  • 1974 coup was carried out by Greek Junta and Nationalist Greek Cypriots lead by Nikos Samson, and thousands left wing and communist Greek Cypriots killed first few days of the coup.

    By :
    RebelJim
    - Posted on :
    26/09/2012
  • aim of greek junta and aim of the greek-cypriot militia were to annex the island to greece, and strip off democratic rights of the turkish-cypriots.

    By :
    anonymous
    - Posted on :
    29/09/2012
  • Rubbish! Aim of Greek junta was to annex part of Cyprus and hand over about 15% to Turkey. Turkey, too, wanted partition, but wanted it on its terms. No one asked Cypriots – Greek or Turkish Cypriots – about this.

    By :
    Stephen Michael
    - Posted on :
    29/09/2012
  • Sounds like Greek Junta and Nationalist Greek Cypriots lead by Nikos Samson started the whole mess and must be responsible for this outcome. If my memory serves me correctly before Cyprus joining to EU Turkish side wanted unification Greeks rejected. And EU only allowed Greek side to join. I am an outsider. You be the judge.

    By :
    Marshall Radde
    - Posted on :
    03/10/2012
  • Try finding out some facts, rather than relying on your memory, which is shaky. Nikos Sampson and the junta were history by 23 July 1974, Turkey committed a second invasion on 14 August and are still occupying the island – after having expelled 200,000 Greeks and killed 6,000. We have a problem because of the Turkish invasion and occupation, not because of Sampson and the Greek junta. And the reason Greeks rejected the Annan plan is because it wouldn't have provided for reunification, but cemented partition. Most outsiders, if this is what you are, know these basis facts, which is why despite all sorts of pressure and bullying, Turkey cannot get a single country in the world – after 40 years – to recognise the puppet regime it has set up in the occupied part of Cyprus.

    By :
    Stephen Michael
    - Posted on :
    03/10/2012
  • Try finding out some facts, rather than relying on your memory, which is shaky. Nikos Sampson and the junta were history by 23 July 1974, Turkey committed a second invasion on 14 August and are still occupying the island – after having expelled 200,000 Greeks and killed 6,000. We have a problem because of the Turkish invasion and occupation, not because of Sampson and the Greek junta. And the reason Greeks rejected the Annan plan is because it wouldn't have provided for reunification, but cemented partition. Most outsiders, if this is what you are, know these basis facts, which is why despite all sorts of pressure and bullying, Turkey cannot get a single country in the world – after 40 years – to recognise the puppet regime it has set up in the occupied part of Cyprus.

    By :
    Stephen Michael
    - Posted on :
    03/10/2012
  • Did Greek Junta kill any Turks initially? What would have happened to Turkish minority if annexation to Greece succeeded? Did Greeks expected Turkey not do anything? It was big miscalculation on Greeks. They should live with the consequences.

    By :
    Marshall Radde
    - Posted on :
    03/10/2012
  • This is copied from Wikipedia:
    On 15 July 1974, the Greek military junta under Dimitrios Ioannides carried out a coup d'état in Cyprus, to unite the island with Greece. The coup ousted president Makarios III and replaced him with pro-enosis nationalist Nikos Sampson.[56] Five days later, on 20 July 1974, the Turkish army invaded the island on the pretext of restoring the constitutional order of the Republic of Cyprus by claiming a right to intervene as one of the guarantors of the 1960 Treaty of Guarantee.

    By :
    Marshall Radde
    - Posted on :
    03/10/2012
  • Did Greek junta kill any Turks initially?

    No. They didn't. The coup was aimed at the Greek Cypriots and at replacing the leadership of that community. As I explained, the junta's plan was to come to an arrangement with Turkey on partitioning the island between Greece and Turkey; so harming the TCs was not part of the junta's plan. The junta did not expect Turkey to invade, because it had received reassurances from the USA that Turkey understood that the coup was not aimed at uniting the whole of Cyprus to Greece.

    And the key word in the Wiki entry is 'pretext'.

    By :
    Stephen Michael
    - Posted on :
    03/10/2012
  • And, again, if Turkey's invasion and occupation was simply about overturning the coup; then this was done after the first invasion when the junta in Greece and their puppets in Cyprus had fallen from power. The invasion was 20 July, the coupists and junta fell on 23 July. Yet, Turkey carried out a second phase of their invasion on 14 August, when democracy had returned to Cyprus and Greece, and, of course, Turkey is still on the island 40 years later and is refusing to leave.

    By :
    Stephen Michael
    - Posted on :
    03/10/2012
Cyprus offshore gas map
Background: 

Cyprus has been divided since 1974 despite repeated efforts under the auspices of the UN to bring the leaders of the Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities to the negotiating table. 

Hopes for reunification were raised in 2002 when then-UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan suggested a two-part federation with a rotating presidency. 

In an April 2004 referendum, the Greek Cypriots rejected - and the Turkish Cypriots approved - a UN-sponsored unity plan. The plan's failure disappointed EU officials, who had agreed to allow Cyprus to join the EU that year partly in the hope that doing so would encourage a solution. In May 2004, the Greek Cypriot-controlled Republic of Cyprus became a full member of the EU.

At their December 2004 summit, EU leaders agreed to open accession talks with Turkey on 3 October 2005. One of the conditions specified was for Ankara to extend a 1963 association agreement with the EU's predecessor, the European Economic Community, to the Union's 10 new member states. This group included the Greek Cypriot state, which is not recognised by Turkey.

In July 2005, Turkey signed a protocol extending its customs union to the EU-10 states, but at the same time Ankara issued a declaration saying that its signature did not mean it had recognised the Republic of Cyprus. Turkey also refused to open its ports and airports to Cyprus, as it claims the EU has fallen short of having direct trade with the unrecognised northern part of the island.

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