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Turkey pressures France to stop Armenian genocide bill

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Published 05 January 2012, updated 06 January 2012

As the French Senate rushes to consider a bill that would penalise denial of the massacre of over 1 million Armenians by the Ottoman Empire, Turkey is lobbying to stop the effort, warning of economic consequences.

The Senate is set to vote by the end of January on a bill that would make it illegal to deny that the 1915 mass killing of Armenians by Ottoman Turks amounted to genocide, Turkish and French news media reported yesterday (4 January), quoting parliamentary and government sources.

The French National Assembly voted in favour last month of a bill that would penalise denial of the Armenian massacre by a maximum one-year prison sentence and a €45,000 fine. The punishment would be on par with denial of the Holocaust.

This led Ankara to cancel all economic, political and military meetings with Paris and to recall its ambassador for consultations. Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan hit back at France, denouncing 45,000 Algerian deaths in 1945, at that time under French rule, as well as the alleged role of France in the massacre of 800,000 people in Rwanda in 1994.

Turkey rejects qualifying the killings as "genocide" in the same category as the Jewish Holocaust. Ankara also says the Turkish republic founded in 1922 shouldn't be held responsible for actions of Ottoman rulers, and inisists that the issue should be left to historians.

Supporters of the bill want to see the legislation approved before parliament adjourns at the end of February ahead of presidential elections in April and May. 

Final hearings

In the meantime, Turkey indicated that it would use the time available to lobby against the legislation, the daily Zaman reported. The Turkish ambassador to France is expected to return in Paris anytime soon, and is to attend hearings on the bill in the Senate.

Legal experts, officials from Turkish and Armenian groups and the Turkish and Armenian ambassadors to Paris are also expected to be present.

Despite earlier angry calls for a boycott of French goods, Finance Minister Mehmet Şimşek said Ankara would not launch a pressure campaign.

But Many Turks reportedly said they would not buy French goods, and a businessman reportedly set up a €1-million fund from which fines for genocide denial would be paid.

Turkish economic experts say the genocide legislation could be detrimental for the French economic interest in Turkey, mainly for the public contracts. Turkey's adoption of the EU's environmental policies is opening huge market opportunities for the French companies. Together with other opportunities in energy, transport, defence and aviation, almost €100 billion worth of market activity is now becoming difficult to access for the French companies because the country's image and credibility in Turkey are getting negative, a Turkish expert told EurActiv.

Positions: 

Bahadir Kaleagasi, president of the Paris-based Bosphorus Institute, told EurActiv that he saw a link between the push by "some French politicians" for the bill, and the presidential elections in April and May.

"It is interesting to observe that a great majority of the French media and public are against this move that they judge as a political manipulation harming the freedom of expression and the democratic credentials of France."

Kaleagasi said the Armenia massacres could not be put into the same basket as the genocide of the Jews.

"This [bill] criminalises the ongoing historical research and opening of the archives of all the countries involved in the First World War to enlighten all aspects of the ethnic violence and human tragedies of the same era. This project of the bill undermines also Turkey's current public debate for a better reconciliation with the history and Armenia. France could have played a constructive role in this process. Moreover, the French attitude is perceived by the Turkish population as hostile. It is really pity, because there were no tangible conflicts between two countries which have great joint interests in an increasingly challenging global economic and political context," Kalegasi said.

"The so-called Armenian genocide problems" cannot be resolved by a vote in the French Parliament, Ramazan Gözen from the Abant İzzet Baysal University argues in a commentary published by the daily Zaman.

"If the aim of the French National Assembly is to politically isolate Turkey, tear it away from the EU and put pressure on its foreign policy - if there is such a deep scheme behind all that manoeuvring - the country to be harmed the most is firstly France. The signals of that have already been seen in the international media. The world media have come up with views that France’s move will draw reactions from almost all countries, Turkey in particular," Gözen writes.

Turkey has fallen in Sarkozy's trap, writes Etyen Mahçupyan, chief editor of the Armenian daily Agos, in a commentary published by the French website Mediapart.

According to Mahçupyan, the French president aims at provoking the authorities in Ankara to a response out of proportion, which would ultimately dishonour Turkey.

The author advises that instead of overreacting, Turkey should show France that its stands on higher ground. The Turkish prime minister could even make a statement and offer French tourists discount prices, he writes.

EurActiv.com

COMMENTS

  • Every nation has the right to make his laws. Turkey can complain but should accept it. If Turkey cant accept an other opinion than its own one than Turkey is not able to join the EU because freedom of expression is one of the most fundamental principales in the EU. Responing through sanctions is the wrong answer.

    By :
    Frederick Vergauwen
    - Posted on :
    05/01/2012
  • It's almost funny to watch the official Ankara reaction. Before complaining Turkey must revisit its own article 301 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Article_301_%28Turkish_Penal_Code%29) explicitly penalizing with jail all its citizens who refer to Armenian mass murder as "genocide".

    By :
    Robert
    - Posted on :
    05/01/2012
  • fredrick said:

    " If Turkey cant accept an other opinion than its own one than Turkey is not able to join the EU because FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION is one of the most fundamental principales in the EU"

    Do you not see the hypocrisy in your stance? France is trying to pass a law to fine and jail those who have their own opinions of the Armenian massacre during WW1. Surely you see the irony in your post

    By :
    sam
    - Posted on :
    05/01/2012
  • robert
    did you know that today some people still openly refer to it as genocide in turkey and they are not penalized? check some columnists who write about the matter in Turkish papers.
    what will happen in France when somebody publishes a book that disagrees with the theory of genocide, or some children of Turkish ethnicity disagree in French schools if this is in school books? according to this law, they can be penalized.
    do you still think this is funny?
    regards.

    By :
    anonymous
    - Posted on :
    06/01/2012
  • As Sam has pointed out you can't shout about freedom of expression and then bring in laws stopping freedom of expression.

    On the other hand the Turks have a long way to go with 'Human Rights' and are a bellicose lot. Could you imagine trying to run the EU with Turkey continually throwing their toys out of the pram, so Fredrick has a point!

    However I have a suggestion if the EU will allow the Brits to escape Turkey can have our place!

    By :
    George Mc
    - Posted on :
    06/01/2012
  • This bill is about defending democracy and free speech. The turks attack everyone in France who would speak about the Armenian Genocide. After the bill becomes a law, the turks will not be able to export intollerance. Erdogan once said "democracy is only a tool to serve the interests of Islam". The turks use the european values to advance their own interests. They don't care about free speech or democracy. -otherwise, they would not arrest, torture, or/and kill everyone who would speak about the Armenian Genocide.

    By :
    Hay
    - Posted on :
    06/01/2012
  • yes every nation has the right for their own law france is the leader of euro and turkey has to face the history and france is forcing turkey to face it .and france is not afraid ot turkey at all.i am canadian and we want to have the same law as france to force turkey so france its not alone so many counrys they recognise the armenian genocide so as a canadian vivla france and god bless you france

    By :
    fred
    - Posted on :
    06/01/2012
  • EVERY country in the world in history should be pulled up for genocide. Look at england, france, usa, spain, arab nations etc. Why arent they mentioned as genocide? but targeted the ottomen empire on a civial war? Then there would be a hell of alot more geneocide laws being passed around. Im of turkish background and i am raised not to hate on people jus accept and live your life the best way you possibley can. The EU dont want a muslim nation to enter the EU thats obvious to me. They are saying human rights are being abused in turkey. Ok tell me human rights arent being abused in europe . Please come onnnn look at damn Bosna war for example. Killing people based on ethnic backgrounds but thats allowed right.The turkish government for many years has said let the historicans decide what actually happened but no one wants to listen to FACTUAL documents but want to listen to hear say. Then i am going to say A dingo ate my baby.. So all dingos are baby killers pleaseee. Let crediable historians decide that actually teach this at universities or historians that specialise in ottomen history and middle eastern history. You and me dont have all the historical artificates we are just basing it on what the media says happened and we take it for what it is. People grow up and stop being blind

    By :
    Shay
    - Posted on :
    06/01/2012
  • There seems to be at least two issues at the base of PM Erdogan's outbursts.

    1. Nominally, the issue of whether the law passed by France restricts freedom of speech. Merely a Trojan Horse.

    2. The Armenian Genocide.

    In the first instance-t­here is legitimate debate over the issue of freedom of speech. However Turkey's outrage is dismissed as mere theatrics given there own laws criminaliz­ing the affirmatio­n of the Armenian Genocide.

    In the second instance there is no legitimate debate. In 1997 the Internatio­nal Associatio­n of Genocide Scholars affirmed the planned mass murder of Armenian Christians as genocide. In 2007 The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity issued there study signed by 50 Nobel Laureates affirming that the mass murder of Anatolia's indigenous population was genocide. I understand why the people and government of Turkey are horrified by these confirmati­ons but the true horror is the crime against humanity not the discussion of confirmed genocide.

    By :
    Harrington156
    - Posted on :
    06/01/2012
  • The Genocide Word by Raphael Lemkin
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFPch5OILfU

    By :
    Artarutiun
    - Posted on :
    06/01/2012
  • The Genocide Word by Raphael Lemkin
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFPch5OILfU

    By :
    Artarutiun
    - Posted on :
    06/01/2012
  • The Modern Day Crusaders of France, the leading member of the Old Antiquated Europe, can rant all she wants!
    The geriatric French society has diffculty maintaining her population at its present level and the only significant French product these days appear to be Racism and Turco-phobia whereas Turkey enjoys the 2nd fastest developing economy in the World which is likely to dwarf France in less than 20 years. The French bigot nation may alltogether forget about tens of billions of Dollars of Turkish contracts. Ankara should push for the genocide of the hundreds of thousands of Algerians by the Racist French!

    By :
    Bulent
    - Posted on :
    07/01/2012
  • I am Turkish and in my opinion France can go on and make whatever laws they think they need in their own society, even tough this law seems really stupid its none of my business. As to Turkey, they are a proud people and such a law is simply insulting and I can understand all the fuss but as usual our politicians overreact and then we look like fools. Personally I am a freedom of speech advocate and people should be able to express their opinions however they wish with no penalties whatsoever.

    By :
    ck
    - Posted on :
    07/01/2012
  • Were German People fighting to stop Holocaust denial bill? Why are Turks so concerned?
    Why must France use double standards for Jews and Armenians?

    By :
    Fred
    - Posted on :
    07/01/2012
  • Everything is so simple, readers just have to use their brains. Armenians should not lie with regard the number of the victims among them. The number of armenians died during Ottoman Empire's rule is around 750,000 people. Armenians should not victimise themselves, this was an unfortunate event, but there were hundreds of cases like this in the history of mankind. In the same time, Turkey should assume with responsability its past and accept its mistakes. In this way, everybody would be simply happy.

    By :
    Herodot
    - Posted on :
    08/01/2012
  • Fred,
    you need to understand that the discussion is not only about what happened in history. If this is the question, there are historical material supporting both theories, it is much more complicated than "Turks killed Armenians" and it is the stupidest thing to make a law that dictates what happened in history. The underlying issue is about a country, who sided with Russia during WW1 i.e. bet on the wrong horse and did not get the land from Ottoman Empire when the winners of the war divided the empire. This country is Armenia. It also did not ratify the agreements which defines its border with Turkey.
    World history is full of such experiences on behalf of countries and nations. What Armenia pursues is the hope which was not realized after WW1.
    This issue is used as a means of dimplomatic war against Turkey: "if you don't behave according to my wishes, I still have issues from your past which I try to turn against you." The reason France currently takes the lead has something to do with the fact that Turkey competes against France in the same geopolitical region i.e. Middle-East and North Africa.
    Your last question suggests the assumption that Armenians and Jews experienced the same thing. It is wrong. For starters, Armenians of Ottoman empire volunteered to fight in Russian army against Turks. Armenians were also recruited by French army during invasion of Turkey.

    By :
    anonymous
    - Posted on :
    10/01/2012
  • For Turks, read please; "Turk Intellectuals apologise for Armenian genocide".
    http://www.euractiv.com/enlargement/turkish-intellectuals-apologise-armenian-genocide/article-178175

    What you have written in your comments is so funny and stupid. Everyone knows who were and who are turks. Try to be honest and shut up. I am sure that the majority of Turks would like the accept the fact of the Armenian genocide but you are afraid to be punished like writer Hrant Dink was killed after openly saying that the events of 1915 were genocide.
    You have two choices..either continue to live faint-hearted or you are recognising the Genoside.

    Ciao

    By :
    La verité
    - Posted on :
    12/01/2012
  • so, a number of turkish and foreign intellectuals recognize it as genocide. why should it bear any more weight than the historians who disagree to the genocide theory? there are also a good number of intellectuals out there who disseminate the propaganda that "Nato bombed Libya to free its people" and such. it does not really change the facts.
    Is there anybody who has any sense to see the difference between "empathizing with Armenian people's sufferings" and "accusing of Turks of a genocide"?
    If the world is such a place where there are big concerns of crime against humanity, why are people so silent about the killings of people committed by European armies over the centuries throughtout the history? Why is there no interest for the loss of muslims and Turks during WW1 by local christian militia over the land of Ottoman empire?
    I have met a bunch of people who live in one of the safest countries in Europe and knew nothing about that part of history. After a week of photography trip, they came back convinced of the genocide. Most of the people know nothing but the propaganda.

    By :
    anonymous
    - Posted on :
    12/01/2012
  • La verite
    since every body knows who were and who are turks, can you share with us what "you" know?

    By :
    anonymous
    - Posted on :
    12/01/2012
  • Ciao,

    who you say shut up and then speak about freedom?

    Armenians are the nation who launched live genocide series against civilians in Azerbaijan. The recent facts of their conflict over Nagorno Karabakh with another post-soviet country having similar traditions with Turks, i.e. Azerbaijan, ended with torture burn-out of almost ten thousands people in Khojaly region. These people were murdered by the regular army of Armenia. These people were neither military troops of Azerbaijan, nor any volunteers who would be armed to fight some one. These people were children and women, old men and handicaps who were left un-aided during in the rage of military conflict over Nagorno Karabakh by their state - Azerbaijan. Armenia who pleads being victimized by Turks now, has committed such a recent crime itself. Armenia is the country where criminals rule the government and people are starving. Who ever claims on their behalf in France is having very evil pursuits connected not to "genocide" but laundering moneys of criminals in Armenia who by the way lobby regional trafficking of drugs and weapons to kill many French family younger and inexperienced members and blow out bombs in the streets. Please keep on voting for your mercantile politics in France the way you have done so far.

    By :
    justice
    - Posted on :
    15/01/2012
  • message of "la verite" is a good example of how people tend to take sides in this discussion: "you are turks. if they say you have done it, it must be true. no need to research it."
    it is not only stupid but also despicably racist and fascist.

    By :
    anonymous
    - Posted on :
    24/01/2012
The hemicycle of the French Senate
Background: 

Hundreds of thousands of Christian Armenians died during forced removals in 1915 by the Ottoman army from what is now Eastern Turkey, but Turkey denies that the move constituted genocide.

The country's attitude vis-à-vis the bloodshed in 1915 is one of the defining aspects of modern Turkish diplomacy, with any use of the term ‘genocide’ either within Turkey or abroad swiftly denounced by Ankara.

Turkish-Armenian journalist Hrant Dink was killed in 2007 after openly saying that the events of 1915 were genocide.

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