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Calls growing for 'burden-sharing' on bank bailouts

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Published 20 July 2009

Defining common criteria to share the financial burden of bank bailouts in the event of a crisis should be one of the EU's priorities in order to shield Europe's economy from future turmoil, according to an alliance of the bloc's major financial players.

In a joint appeal, representatives of Europe's major banks and financial industry players called for progress on supporting transnational financial groups in the event of failure.

The appeal comes as the European Commission is drafting new detailed rules for EU-wide financial supervision, after having been given the go-ahead by member states to do so last June. New draft legislation is expected in the autumn.

The joint call was signed by the European Banking Federation (EBF), the European Federation for Retirement Provision (EFRP), the European Private Equity and Venture Capital Association (EVCA), the Federation of European Accountants (FEE), the Federation of European Securities Exchanges (FESE) and BusinessEurope.

It underlined that "to further enhance the effectiveness of cross-border oversight and trust-building amongst supervisors, progress will be needed on cross-border early intervention and common burden-sharing criteria in the event of a crisis and lender of last resort situations". 

Although EU leaders managed to agree on the basic principles of increasing and harmonising micro- and macro-prudential supervision across the continent, they remained reluctant to address the problem of how to bail out banks or insurance firms with a trans-European reach in the event of a collapse.

Last autumn, financial giant Fortis found itself in deep trouble due to its exposure to so-called toxic assets. The group needed a hasty injection of public money, which was eventually granted by the governments of Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg.

The bailout apparently worked, and ended with the group being broken up and partially sold to French bank BNP Paribas. However, rather than the result of transparent and clear rules, the outcome was the culmination of horse-trading among sovereign states which were fortunate enough to share similar principles and interests in saving the cross-border group.

Should banks operating in EU countries with different agendas find themselves in a similar situation, such a positive outcome would be far from guaranteed, posing a threat to investors and the soundness of European financial markets as a whole. 

This risk explains the financial community's broad interest in overcoming national interests.

However, difficulties remain regarding the issue of who will pay what, and the industry itself acknowledged that "respect of national fiscal responsibilities" is a principle that must not be attacked.

Background: 

The financial crisis underlined the need for better European supervision of financial institutions, which are mainly controlled by national authorities even though the industry is increasingly engaged in cross-border activities. 

According to European Commission figures, there are over 8,000 banks in Europe, but two-thirds of their total assets are held in just over forty multinational institutions. 

An ad hoc high-level group on financial supervision was established by the EU executive last October to issue proposals on financial supervision. The panel, led by Jacques de Larosière, formerly managing director of the International Monetary Fund, presented its report in February 2009.

In May, the Commission fully endorsed the de Larosière report, proposing a draft plan aimed at strengthening the European Central Bank's (ECB) powers over macro-supervision to prevent systemic risk, and at enhancing national cooperation on micro-supervision of cross-border financial groups (EurActiv 28/05/09).

After tough negotiations, EU leaders backed the Commission proposals at their June summit (EurActiv 19/06/09). However, no solution was found for the thorny issue of burden-sharing of financial losses among member states should a cross-border group fail.

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