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Crise de l'emploi : fonds européens pour des régions irlandaises et espagnoles

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Publié 16 juin 2010, mis à jour 21 juin 2010

Le Parlement européen a approuvé hier (15 juin) l'octroi d'une aide dans le cadre du Fonds européen d'ajustement à la mondialisation pour des régions en Irlande et en Espagne, deux des pays les plus fortement frappés par la récession mondiale. Le fonds devrait être considéré comme un soutien, et non pas comme une aumône, ont affirmé les eurodéputés.

A Strasbourg plenary session of the Parliament approved two Spanish requests and one Irish bid for funding.

In Spain, where the collapse of the construction sector has led to a severe economic meltdown, funds will be allocated to support ceramic workers in the construction sector of the Valencia region. A total of 181 companies have suffered 1,600 redundancies altogether, and will get €6,598,735.

The second Spanish aid figure provides €1,950,000 for a total of 557 workers in the wood sector of Castilla-La Mancha, while in South-East Ireland, four companies from the ceramic crystals industry in the Waterford area will receive €2,570,853 for 598 unemployed workers.

The latter two aid packages benefited from the 2009 revision of the EGAF, which lowered the fund's eligibility threshold from 1,000 redundancies to 500 redundancies within the space of four months.

Italian centre-right MEP Barbara Matera, rapporteur on the EGAF in the European Parliament, argued that "in times of high unemployment rates, it is crucial to focus on efficient and innovative tools to help an effective re-entry into the labour market of those workers who have lost their jobs".

MEPs from the affected regions responded positively. Irish centre-left MEP Alan Kelly said that "this funding represents a hand-up for people as opposed to a hand-out," adding that "it is a fund that invests in people" and "should prove to be a vital stimulus for a region that is badly in need of investment".

In both Ireland and Spain, regional politicians and MEPs have called for the funds to be handled quickly and efficiently by the relevant national/regional funding authorities, to speed up the unemployed workers' access to retraining.

"Sweeping powers must be given to a [regional] co-ordinator to facilitate access to courses for workers," said Irish centre-right MEP Sean Kelly.

Réactions : 

Italian centre-right MEP Barbara Matera (European People's Party), rapporteur on the EGAF in the European Parliament, said the fund "is a concrete measure the EU is taking to help tackle the economic and social crisis we are witnessing. This is one of the several instruments Europe is using to deal with the economic downturn to combat unemployment which is a priority in European citizens' everyday life".

Irish centre-left MEP Alan Kelly (Socialists & Democrats) said that "this funding represents a hand-up for people as opposed to a hand-out. It is a fund that invests in people".

He went on to note that "it should prove to be a vital stimulus for a region that is badly in need of investment and it is now the government's responsibility to administer it effectively".

Kelly called on the Irish government to set up the necessary structures for workers to access the funds quickly, noting that workers "only have 13 months in which to spend this money yet there is currently nowhere for any worker to go and find out how they can apply for this money".

Contexte : 

According to the European Commission, the European Globalisation Adjustment Fund (EGAF) aims to support workers, mainly in regions and sectors which have been disadvantaged by exposure to the globalised economy. It has a potential annual budget of 500 million euros to facilitate the reintegration into employment of workers.

The EGAF has grown in visibility and importance as the worst effects of the global financial and economic crises hit EU labour markets. Previously, the fund was only available for sectors or companies where at least 1,000 redundancies had occurred within a short space of time, but in 2009 this was reduced to 500 redundancies within the space of four months, largely as a crisis response measure.

Unemployment in the EU 27 passed the 10% mark for the first time in years in early 2010 (EurActiv 11/01/10). A February 2010 expert report largely blamed the jobs crisis on chronic skills shortages in Europe's labour market (EurActiv 05/02/10).

The financial aid of the EGAF is mainly allocated to: job-search assistance, tailor-made retraining, entrepreneurship promotion, aid for self-employment, special temporary 'income supplements' such as job-search allowances, mobility allowances, training allowances, measures to stimulate disadvantaged or older workers to remain in or return to the labour market, etc.

The fund is co-financed by member states. The EU pays up to 65% of the total cost, with the rest paid by the national government. the region or the local authority. 

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