Rasmussen's PES defines flexicurity as follows:
- A good system of unemployment benefits, coupled with strong active labour market policies, in a clear framework of rights and duties.
- Facilitating active job seeking by the unemployed, with the support of the Social Partners and employment services.
- A comprehensive system of child and elderly care.
- Public policies to ensure the reconciliation of work and family life.
- Access to education and lifelong training for those in-work and for those out-of-work;
- Public policies promoting flexibility and security to encourage active ageing and eliminate age discrimination.
- Policies which aim at facilitating mobility, to take account of the regional dimension.
- Full involvement of the Social Partners in designing and implementing policies both at the macro and micro levels. Social Partners should reach labour agreements that cover issues such as wages and productivity, along with training, life long learning and innovation. The Lisbon goals and the achievement of a knowledge based economy should be the driving force behind such agreements.
To this must be added, obviously, the relatively low level of protection against dismissals, which has led, together with the above measures, to a high level of job-to-job mobility within the workforce.
On behalf of UNICE President Ernest-Antoine de Seillière, Confederation of Finnish Industries (EK) President Christopher Taxell said at the tripartite summit: "There is undoubtedly a strong link between innovation policy and the debate on flexicurity." He added: "The flexicurity approach requires comprehensive national strategies with the right mix of economic and social measures to foster job creation and help people to maximise their chances on the labour market. This means:
- flexible labour law with smart rules on protection against dismissals and a variety of employment contracts to answer different needs of companies and workers together with a strong commitment to fight undeclared work;
- putting into place effective active labour market policies, which presupposes that the necessary budgetary margins have been created to allow such an investment, and;
- having an employment-friendly social protection system and in particular an unemployment insurance which links rights and obligations for the unemployed as opposed to giving unconditional passive income support.
ETUC, the European Trade Union Confederation, in its July 2006 paper on Social Europe also enhanced the flexicurity approach: "The EU needs to learn from examples of ’best practice’ and examine whether systems such as ’flexicurity’ - whereby greater mobility between jobs is accompanied by active welfare measures - can be adapted more broadly." At the Tripartite Summit, ETUC stressed that "the European trade union movement will not accept, under any circumstances, that flexibility should take precedence over security".
ETUC General Secretary John Monks added: "The European Union needs a flexicurity that develops potential for workers and for jobs. This presupposes policies to promote lifelong learning, and active policies on employment, social protection and support for workers during all forms of transition."
For the small- and medium-sized business organisation UEAPME, Jussi Järventaus, Director for the Federation of Finnish Enterprises, called for "a sensible approach to flexicurity, which he defined as follows: "Flexibility is crucial for SMEs and should be promoted in all of its forms. Small businesses require internal flexibility, i.e. adjustable arrangements for working hours, part-time work and overtime; external flexibility, with more relaxed rules on 'hiring and firing'; and functional flexibility, that is to say the possibility to differentiate wages for low skilled jobs. The concept of 'job security', on the other hand, should shift towards the concept of 'employment security': in a modern, service-driven economy, workers are bound to relinquish the idea of keeping the same job through their whole professional career. Labour costs should be reduced and social protection systems urgently modernised."
Anne-Sophie Parent, President of the Social Platform said: "The sight of UNICE and the Commission running away from an open debate on flexicurity is both shocking and depressing. Finding the right labour market and social security policies across Europe is crucial if we are to respond to globalisation whilst protecting the European social model. This is an issue which affects millions of citizens across Europe who are trying to come to terms with a rapidly changing world, and increased insecurities. It is exactly the kind of issue where the Commission should be trying to open up an honest and balanced debate – but now, warned off by UNICE, it has run away from its responsibilities."
