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TOUTES LES RUBRIQUES

Le Parlement étend la garantie de dépôt aux PME

Publié 19 décembre 2008
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Après avoir aidé à renflouer plusieurs banques au cours de la débâcle financière, le Parlement européen a approuvé hier 18 décembre des propositions visant à élever dans toute l’Europe la couverture des dépôts des banques à 100 000 euros à partir de 2010. Il a en outre voté en faveur de l’extension de la garantie au PME et aux autorités locales et pas seulement aux épargnants individuels, comme il avait été prévu initialement.

MEPs agreed with a Commission proposal tabled last October to lift bank deposit guarantees from €20,000 at present to €100,000 in 2010. With the new coverage in place, Brussels reckons that 90% of all European individual savers' deposits will be protected against the failure of financial institutions. The current regime guarantees up to 65% of deposits.

For their part, MEPs made clear that coverage should be provided "unless a Commission impact assessment, submitted on 30 April 2009, concludes that such an increase is not appropriate and is not financially viable for all member states". In any case, the guarantee will be raised to €50,000 in June 2009, when the new legislation is expected to enter into force. Now it is up to national governmentsl to endorse the decision in the Council. EU finance ministers at the beginning of October proposed raising the guarantee to just €50,000 (EurActiv 08/10/08).

The main change the Parliament brought to the original legislative proposal was an extension of the scope of the coverage. An amendment added to the draft text calls on the Commission to present by 31 December 2009 a report "on the specific needs of SMEs and local authorities as regards deposit guarantee coverage levels".

SMEs had strongly pushed for their inclusion into the new provisions (EurActiv 15/10/08) and thus welcomed the new text. Nevertheless, they warned that a genuine guarantee scheme would ultimately only be decided by member states, reiterating calls for the Council to endorse the new proposal.

MEPs also took a step in a more conservative direction in comparison to the Commission's original proposal. Indeed, the Parliament agreed to shorten the payout period for deposits from the current three months to 20 days. The EU executive's plans had referred to a three-day payout period.

Réactions : 

Conservative MEP Christian Ehler, rapporteur for the Parliament on the dossier, underlined that "in the future, 90 per cent of the savings in the European Union will be safe," and praising MEPs for having added SME coverage to the original text.

Socialists welcomed the vote too. "After having bailed out banks, it was necessary to guarantee our citizens against speculators and in case of excessive risks taken by their banks," commented Pervenche Beres  (PES), chairwoman of the Parliament's economic and monetary affairs committee.

UEAPME secretary-general Andrea Benassi said on behalf of European SMEs: "European small enterprises' confidence in the financial system has been shaken to the same extent as private households in the last few months. They clearly deserved the same degree of attention, and we are grateful to the European Parliament for deleting a flaw in the original proposal by the European Commission that excluded SMEs from its scope. It is now up to member states to put this possibility to full use and give SME deposits the same kind of protection that is reserved for private consumers at the moment."

When publishing the Commission proposal, Internal Market Commissioner Charlie McCreevy said: "Increasing the minimum protection will strengthen Europeans' confidence in the safety of their deposits. The new rules are another sensible and proportionate response to the financial turmoil we are experiencing."

Contexte : 

Financial markets across the globe went into a tailspin following the US sub-prime mortgage crisis in early August 2007, forcing central banks to make massive cash injections to keep the system rolling and fend off a possible liquidity crisis. 

The crisis stormed into mainland Europe at the end of September 2008, forcing governments to rush to salvage a number of financial institutions, among which giants such as Fortis and ING.

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