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Spanish Presidency seals EEAS deal

Published 22 June 2010 - Updated 07 July 2010
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The European Commission, the European Parliament and the Spanish EU Presidency yesterday (21 June) reached a compromise in Madrid regarding the organisation and operation of the European External Action Service (EEAS). The EU institutions expect the Union's diplomatic service to become operational in the autumn.

The deal was reached after a meeting that lasted more than three hours between the different parties involved in the future European diplomatic service at the Palacio de Viana in Madrid. Among those taking part in the meeting were the head of European diplomacy, Catherine Ashton, Spanish Foreign Affairs Minister Miguel Ángel Moratinos, on behalf of the rotating EU presidency, the European commissioner for inter-institutional relations and administration, Maroš Šefčovič, and three members of the European Parliament – ALDE group leader Guy Verhofstadt (Belgium), Elmar Brok (European People's Party; Germany) and Roberto Gualtieri (Socialists & Democrats; Italy).

"We are very satisfied with this agreement, as it removes all obstacles," Spanish Secretary of State for EU Affairs Diego López Garrido is quoted by the website of the Spanish Presidency as saying.

"On the whole, Parliament's requests have been fulfilled," Italian S&D member Roberto Gualtieri, one of the MEPs involved in the negotiations, told German press agency DPA.

The agreement reached in Madrid will be further analysed by all parties to allow the Council to take the formal decision to implement the service as soon as possible. The decision is expected to be made this autumn.

Those present in Madrid undertook to secure the support of their institutions with the aim of formally adopting as soon as possible the Council's decision, which will establish the organisation and operation of the EEAS.

They also committed to work constructively to deal with unresolved issues, in particular the financial regulation and regulation regarding personnel and other parties serving the EU institutions.

Spanish joy, Belgian regret

With some regret, the Belgian press wrote that Spain had succeeded in securing the EEAS setup. As discussions had taken a difficult turn in recent weeks (EurActiv 11/06/10), Belgium had hoped to broker the deal during its term, which starts on 1 July.

The agreement reportedly became possible after MEPs obtained reassurances on several key texts, including the role of the European Parliament with respect to the EEAS. MEPs will have a say over a large portion of the service's finances, and must be informed in advance of strategic and policy decisions.

At least 60% of EEAS staff will be permanent EU officials rather than national diplomats, as MEPs had insisted, in an effort to ensure a more communitarian character for the Union's diplomatic service.

Too many deputies?

Ashton apparently accepted the Parliament's view that her deputies should be the foreign minister of the country holding the rotating EU presidency, and for the communitarian area of the service's activity, the relevant commissioners.

These are Štefan Füle, the Czech commissioner for enlargement, Andris Piebalgs, his Latvian colleague responsible for development, and Kristalina Georgieva, the Bulgarian commissioner for humanitarian aid (EurActiv 15/03/10).  

But the compromise reportedly also foresees that Ashton would keep three high-level positions of 'secretary-general'. The current French ambassador to Washington, Pierre Vimont, is expected to be 'primus inter pares', occupying the post of "executive secretary general".

Polish European Affairs Minister Mikołaj Dowgielewicz and Germany’s Helga Schmid would complete the triumvirate.

The institutions hope the Parliament will give its formal green light to the EEAS at its 5-8 July Strasbourg session and that the service will become operational by autumn.

Positions: 

Speaking to the Brussels press in Parliament on Tuesday afternoon, ALDE group leaded Guy Verhofstadt voiced his satisfaction with the achieved compromise, insisting that MEPs had succeeded to change “the initial philosophy” of Ashton’s earlier proposal, based in his words on the inert-governmental method.

“We now have an ambitious, broader EEAS, with 6000-7000 diplomats and civil servants, based in the most appropriate way on the communitarian method, safeguarding, even strengthening the communitarian method on a number of issues,” he said.

Asked by EurActiv if the Parliament had managed to achieve this result thanks to the Lisbon Treaty, who confers more powers to this institution, or simply due to the fact that a cross-party consensus existed among the centre-right, centre-left and the liberal group, Vehofstadt said both factors had played a role.

He explained that the Parliament powers for codecision regarding the financial regulation, the staff regulation helped “create pressure”. As to the cross-party support, he also praised the role of the Greens/EFA group.

The Socialists & Democrats (S&D) group in the European Parliament welcomed the agreement on the EU's future diplomatic service and wants it up and running by the end of the year.

S&D leader and German MEP Martin Schulz stated: "We are pleased with this political agreement and we call on other political groups to speed up parliamentary procedures so that the new service can be on its feet by December. This would be a symbolic date for it will be the first anniversary of the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty."

S&D chief negotiator and Italian MEP Roberto Gualtieri said: "We secured agreement that the new service will be politically accountable to the European Parliament as the only directly-elected EU institution. We made sure that the budget of the common foreign and security policy will now be more transparent by identifying specific spending on major missions abroad. The new budgetary procedure set out in the Lisbon Treaty will apply, so the Parliament's powers as the budgetary authority will be fully safeguarded."

"We also succeeded in ensuring that the European Commission maintains its responsibility over all financial instruments for external action. The S&D Group successfully defended the Community method and prevented member states from taking control over development cooperation and its budget," Gualtieri said. 

"On the Staff Regulation, the Financial Regulation and the adoption of the amending budget for the EEAS, the ordinary legislative procedure will apply and the European Parliament will fully exercise its co decision prerogatives,'' he added. 

The Greens/EFA group in the European Parliament also welcomed the agreement on the External Action Service but regretted its lack of ambition.

Franziska Brantner, foreign affairs spokesperson for the Greens/EFA group, said: "The political agreement reached yesterday is a step in the right direction compared to the original proposal presented by Catherine Ashton in March. A better service could have been possible, though, and we regret that Ms. Ashton, the Commission and a number of national governments didn't have the guts to embrace a more ambitious solution."

"The agreement is a promise on the future. It can serve to better integrate Commission, Council and member-state policies, but it may also merely preserve the status quo while creating additional bureaucracy and costs. It is now up to Ms. Ashton, member states and the Commission to deliver. They will need to work together, create a common 'esprit de corps' and overcome divisive competition," Brantner added. 

Next steps: 
  • 5-8 July: Parliament to give its green light to EEAS deal in Strasbourg.
  • By autumn: EEAS to become operational.
Background: 

The Lisbon Treaty, which entered into force on 1 December 2009, equips the European Union with a 'European External Action Service' (EEAS): a diplomatic corps with the objective of developing a genuinely European foreign policy.

Despite opposition from the European Parliament, EU foreign affairs chief Catherine Ashton unveiled on 25 March a proposal that puts a French-style secretary-general and two deputies at the centre of the EU's future diplomatic service (EurActiv 26/03/10).

Ashton's 12-page proposal for establishing the European External Action Service (EEAS) ignored the Parliament, which had rejected the 'French-style' set up in which a secretary-general would wield enormous power (EurActiv 24/03/10).

If approved, the secretary-general will run the European External Action Service web "like a spider," MEPs warned. A cross-party group of MEPs issued a statement saying the Parliament found the proposal unacceptable.

The December 2009 European summit asked Catherine Ashton, the EU's High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, to present a proposal on the organisation and functioning of the EEAS, with a view to its adoption by the end of April 2010.

On 21 April, the leaders of the European Parliament's three largest political groups issued a statement warning against putting the future diplomatic corps under the thumb of EU member states (EurActiv 21/0410).

The next day, Ashton presented a revised blueprint stripped of previous plans for a detailed organisational chart (EurActiv 23/04/10).

On 26 April EU ministers reached "political agreement" on the EEAS (EurActiv 27/04/10), but the Parliament delivered a clear message that it disliked the proposal (EurActiv 14/06/10).

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