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Need for Europe-wide philanthropy in support of R&D

Published 28 March 2006 - Updated 21 May 2007
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A conference considering the role of private donation in the funding of European research has highlighted the need for transnational, European-scale foundations.

In the conferenceGiving more for research in Europe,  on 27 March 2006, representatives from charitable foundations, universities, research organisations, industry, national and regional authorities as well as non-governmental organisations discussed ways to place research funding at the heart of philanthropic activities

"The Commission's approach to tackling research and innovation under-investment in Europe is to mobilise all policies and factors, and this includes philanthropy," said Research Commissioner Janez Potocnik. "Philanthropy has a long history in Europe. Think only of the Middle Ages and the Enlightenment, when rich supporters of artists and scientists were numerous. Perhaps the time has come to revive this debate in the research field," he continued. 

"To promote the role of foundations in financing European R&D, the EU needs to initiate a regulation on a European statute for foundations and national governments need to reconsider their fiscal policies, legal and regulatory framework and matching policies," noted Dr George Papaconstantinou, presenting the results of the expert report Giving more for research in Europe.  

The conference participants agreed that a European Foundation Statute  would be a good thing as it would enable foundations to go pan-European. Various speakers emphasised the importance of good governance in philanthropy, the crucial role of transparency and accountability to donor confidence and the need for greater impact and effectiveness of research. 

The issue of better regulation is already being discussed in the foundations and codes of practice which have been developed by European bodies. "Management of research is as important as its financing," pointed out Yves Mény, the Chairman of the expert group who drafted Giving more for research in Europe

The European Foundation Centre (EFC) asked for expressions of interest for a 'European Forum on Philanthropy and Research Funding'. The Forum is aimed at existing foundations, trusts, charitable organisation and universities interested in discussing issues related to making more and better use of philanthropy as a source of funding.

Positions: 

"There are a lot of foundations in Europe, but they are far weaker than their American counterparts. Further, a lot of foundations are local, regional or national and not trans-national or European. Those willing to expand their activities at European level face many obstacles, such as fiscal, which need to be remedied" said Yves Mény, who is also President of the European University Institute. Mr Mény also highlighted the possibility of foundations participating in the evaluation process of the projects which apply for funding via the future European Research Council (ERIC). He fears that the ERIC "will have difficulties in digesting the number of applications coming from the bottom to the top".

"Foundations can act much more freely, flexibly and quickly than any other research funding bodies. Their actions are independent from election periods and from shareholder views. The research they support can be risk-taking and they can back new things early on," explained Vice-Chair of European Foundation CentreWilhelm Krull. "They also have a role to play in creating public debate on science and promoting science journalism," he continued.

The European Foundation Centre (EFC) has urged the Commission to carry out a feasibility study on a European Foundation Statute, as a first step towards the review and adoption of a proposal by EU institutions in due course. The EFC stresses that "a primary objective of a European Statute for foundations is to develop an efficient regime for private investment for the European public good across the EU". 

Next steps: 
  • The conference on Giving more for research is taking place on 27-28 March 2006. 
  • A 'European Forum of Research Foundations' will be set up in 2006 to share best practice and to develop joint initiatives. 
  • The recommendations of the expert report are set to be implemented by 2010. This requires a number of legal and fiscal changes to be implemented before that. A midterm review is set for 2008.
Background: 

At the Barcelona European Council in March 2002, European leaders agreed that investment in European research and development (R&D) must be increased to 3% of GDP by 2010, with at least two thirds of the total investment coming from the private sector. 

An expert report on the role of philanthropy in funding European research was published in January 2006. The report, which examines ways to increase charity donations, states that too little attention is paid to the role of foundations and other charitable bodies in the field of research and therefore, the potential is currently not being fully realised. In the EU-25, only the UK has a well-developed donation and charity culture.

The study suggests a number of initiatives to encourage foundation funding of research in Europe. These include improving the regulatory and fiscal environment for foundations and improving conditions for cross-border donations.

Philanthropic 'instruments' include fundraising organisations, endowments providing research grants, family- and trustee-controlled foundations, corporate foundations, including those promoted by financial institutions and university foundations.

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