The United States is considering a stepped-up military presence in Africa to pursue Islamic State group jihadists looking for new havens after the fall of their “caliphate,” American officials say.
After IS lost its de facto capital Raqqa in Syria this month, and its Iraqi stronghold of Mosul earlier, the group “has aspirations to establish a larger presence” in Africa, the US military’s top officer General Joseph Dunford said yesterday (23 October).
From Libya to Egypt’s Sinai, to East Africa and West Africa the jihadists have already posed a threat, Dunford, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, told a press conference.
He was discussing the 4 October clash in Niger, West Africa, that cost the lives of four American soldiers.
The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff holds a briefing on the ambush in Niger that left four US soldiers dead. https://t.co/UYpqI3w42L pic.twitter.com/FFbrCflSsx
— CNN (@CNN) October 23, 2017
Along with five Nigerien troops, the US soldiers died on the Niger-Mali border in an attack carried out by locals associated with IS, according to Dunford.
The incident shocked many Americans unaware of the hundreds-strong US military presence in that country.
Lindsey Graham didn't know until recently that a thousand U.S. troops are stationed in Niger. https://t.co/hp3Lho3lKa
— Kyle Griffin (@kylegriffin1) October 23, 2017
Dunford said the military will make recommendations to President Donald Trump and Defense Secretary Jim Mattis “for the allocation of forces that meet what we see as the threat, what we anticipate the threat to be.”
The deaths of SSG Dustin Wright, SSG Bryan Black and SSG Jeremiah Johnson are overshadowed by controversy https://t.co/gfTGGhAAia
— Stars and Stripes (@starsandstripes) October 24, 2017
On Tuesday he meets military chiefs from 75 countries “to talk about the next phase of the campaign” against IS.
Speaking to reporters following a meeting with Mattis last Friday, Republican Senator Lindsey Graham, a member of the Senate’s Armed Services Committee, said bluntly: “The war is morphing. We’re going to see more actions in Africa, not less.”
After the Middle East, Africa already has the greatest presence of American special forces. Official figures show more than 1,300 of the troops are deployed there.
These elite units train local forces in counter-terrorism and “will only accompany those forces when the prospects of enemy contact is unlikely,” Dunford said.
These rules of engagement “are going to change when it comes to counterterrorism operations,” Graham said.
He hinted that American troops would be authorized to shoot first on “terrorist” targets, which is not the case now.
A growing threat
The European Union’s presidency also warned this month that countries in that bloc must monitor “very carefully” a growing IS threat in North Africa, where fighters have relocated.
Dunford said the war is moving to multiple arenas.
“I’m not sure I’m ready to say it’s shifting just to Africa. We’re dealing with a challenge that exists from West Africa to Southeast Asia,” he said.
“I believe ISIS will attempt to establish a physical presence outside of Iraq and Syria” after losing Mosul and Raqqa, the general added, using another acronym for IS.
“That’s exactly why we’re conducting the kinds of operations we’re conducting in Niger, to ensure that local forces have the capability to prevent that from happening.”
The US supports with aerial refueling and intelligence France’s Operation Barkhane against jihadists in five Sahel nations: Mauritania, Mali, Chad, Niger and Burkina Faso.
For those newly aware of the US military presence in Niger, it is important to highlight that France – as per this visualization of its strategic security outlook – is even more involved in the Sahara/Sahel than US, through its Barkhane counter-terrorism coalition. https://t.co/6Fd4nlZjGf
— Dr. Jason Warner (@warnjason) October 20, 2017
In all, the US military has about 6,000 personnel in 53 African countries, Dunford said.
According to a report to Congress by General Thomas Waldhauser, who heads the US Africa Command (AFRICOM), the American presence is notable in Chad, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Somalia, Uganda, Rwanda and Kenya.
The numbers of US special forces varies but the Niger contingent of about 800 is currently the largest in any one country on the continent.
Graham was present at hearing in March where the head of AFRICOM said U.S. troops were in Niger. Now he’s “stunned”? https://t.co/6aptPmLAFl https://t.co/rSheIywUfK
— Nick Short ?? (@PoliticalShort) October 23, 2017
Dunford vowed the US will remain, despite the four fatalities in Niger.
“Our intent is to continue operations there,” Dunford said.