The EU warned Britain on Thursday (9 November) that time is running out to reach a divorce deal by the end of the month, a necessary step to guarantee moving the Brexit process on to trade negotiations.

Britain and the EU opened another round of slow-moving divorce talks on Thursday (9 November) amid growing concerns among EU officials that British Prime Minister Theresa May’s mounting political woes are slowing down negotiations on the historic split.

Stalling by Britain on its exit bill has prompted fears that EU leaders will be unable to advance to the next phase of talks on a trade deal as hoped in December, and that the deadline could even slip to March.

“Time is pressing,” chief EU negotiator Michel Barnier said in a speech in Rome before flying back to Brussels to start the sixth round of the slow-moving talks.

“The European Council summit in October wanted to keep up the dynamic of the negotiations and I am of the same state of mind,” he said. “But the real moment of clarification is coming.”

Barnier added that future ties would depend on whether Britain stuck to the “European model” of regulation, in a pointed warning after US Trade Secretary Wilbur Ross said London should move closer to US rules after Brexit.

Britain’s Brexit ministry replied on Twitter that “we’ve made considerable progress on the issues that matter.”

Also on Thursday, it confirmed the precise date and time of the country’s exit from the EU — 2300 GMT on March 29, 2019 — would be added to a withdrawal bill working its way through parliament.

The amendment follows concerns among some UK lawmakers that the date, exactly two years after May triggered Article 50 – which stipulates withdrawal from the EU within this timeframe – had not been enshrined in British law.

Speedy round

This week’s talks feature a stripped-down two-day schedule instead of the normal four days, with Barnier and his British counterpart David Davis set to meet only on Friday morning before holding a press conference, sources said.

To move on to talks on a free trade deal and a post-Brexit transition period, the EU is demanding sufficient progress on three key divorce issues.

The most contentious is the bill Britain must pay to cover its budgetary commitments, a figure which senior European officials put at €60 billion.

They also want commitments on keeping an open border between Northern Ireland and Ireland, and on guaranteeing the rights of three million European citizens living in Britain.

But the British government looks increasingly distracted, with the resignation on Wednesday of its aid minister over unofficial meetings in Israel adding to the sense of chaos since May’s disastrous showing in elections earlier this year.

Britain also faces an economic slowdown, with the EU cutting its growth outlook for the country this year and warning that times would remain tough to 2019 because of Brexit “uncertainty”.

“We are a bit concerned about what we are seeing in the UK at the moment, we want a strong negotiating partner,” an EU diplomat told AFP on condition of anonymity.

“I see a strong willingness to come to a deal. I am confident that everybody understands what has to be done on both sides. The question is, Do they have the strength? And will the moves be made in time by the end of November, first week of December?”

Standing issues

That timescale would allow preparations for a formal decision by EU leaders at a summit on December 14-15 to move on to discussing future ties.

“Everything is ready (to start trade talks) on the first of January,” the EU diplomat said.

Failure to do so would probably push back the move to one of the next summits in February or March, leaving only around six months to reach a deal by October 2018, the timeline Barnier has set for the withdrawal agreement to be ratified by March 2019.

The latest talks are the first since EU leaders agreed at an October 20 summit to start internal work on a trade deal, while also warning that Britain had made insufficient progress on the divorce to start formal discussions.

The EU says Britain must provide written guarantees of a pledge to honour the financial commitments May made in a speech in Florence, Italy, in September.

The European Parliament – which will have the final vote on any Brexit deal – meanwhile rejected fresh proposals by Britain on citizens’ rights, saying “major issues” remain.

Reconciliation

The man who drafted Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty will call on Prime Minister Theresa May to stop misleading voters and admit that Brexit can be avoided if Britain decides to unilaterally scrap divorce talks.

“While the divorce talks proceed, the parties are still married. Reconciliation is still possible,” John Kerr, British ambassador to the EU from 1990 to 1995, will say in a speech in London.

“We still have all the rights of a member-state, including the right to change our minds,” Kerr will say, according to excerpts released by his office. “The British people have the right to know this – they should not be misled.”

“A political decision has been made, in this country, to maintain that there can be no going back. Actually, the country still has a free choice about whether to proceed,” Kerr will reportedly say.

In the shock referendum in June 2016, 17.4 million voters, or 51.9% of votes cast, backed leaving the EU while 16.1 million voters, or 48.1% of votes cast, backed staying.

May, an initial opponent of Brexit who won the top job in the political turmoil that followed the vote, said last month that Britain would not revoke Article 50. Government lawyers asked judges last year to assume that it was irrevocable.

But ever since the referendum, opponents of Britain’s exit – from French President Emmanuel Macron and former British prime minister Tony Blair to billionaire investor George Soros – have suggested Britain could change its mind.

European Council President Donald Tusk even invoked the lyrics of John Lennon to imagine a Brexit rescinded.